LAC of China
From India, today he has entered our house See, when it comes to Pakistan, we know about LOC but why does it create confusion in the case of LAC of China, where is LAC actually, China? India did not even have a border, then what happened in the past due to which China came and sat on our heads and did Nehru really give India’s permanent UN seat to China and when this It is said that China could not take even 1 inch of land, so where is the fact and overall border of India and China, then in this video
Tibetan Empire
I will tell you in such a way that you will know everything about all these things. What is the actual reason behind this, then look at the time of year 625, at that time there were different umpires inside India and on the side, there was a separate Tibetan Empire, which was very big. If we talk about the present time, then India is Ladakh, which is the area of Arunachal Pradesh, also used to be included in it.
What happens now is that after some time, when the year 1842 comes, Lang Darma, the king of Tibetan umpire, dies, then after his death, Kaul will take over the Tibetan umpire. Lang Dharma’s relatives start fighting among themselves regarding this, the whole family fights about this for a long time and then, being troubled by all these things, Lang Dharma’s great grandfather i.e. the great grand son whose name was Nima Gaon used to say that I do n’t want to rule over this entire Tibetan Umpire, you guys see this area on the west side of the Tibetan Umpire where no one comes and goes and no one has any idea about it, I go here as my own. Now, one of the main contenders of the family was getting separated over a small area, so no one faced any problem due to this and then Neema village was under the control of its Tibetan umpire.
It takes over the western area and creates a separate new kingdom and establishes it there and I am telling all these things because the present western area of India and China which is disputed is the entire area. This city used to come under the kingdom. Now after some time, when Neema village also dies, his elder son La Chhan expands this city empire and then turns it into a martial kingdom. The Chronicles of Ladakh. According to this, the entire area that you are seeing had become a part of this Maral Kingdom at that time, so it had become much bigger and by the year 1460, people started calling this Maral Kingdom as Ladakh Kingdom. It continues like this till time, then the Ladakh Kingdom which was being ruled by Neemgaon also dies and after that the Namgyal Dynasty starts ruling the Ladakh Kingdom and when this Namgyal Dynasty comes.
Ladakh umpire
So the Ladakh umpire from here was increasing both his area and influence within this entire region at a very fast pace, so what happened was that at this time when the influence of Ladakh was increasing, there was a Tib umpire next to him. As a threat, it was seen that they are growing very fast and will give us trouble in future. So what does Tib Taran Umpire do that he attacks Ladakh under his Fifth Dalai Lama. Now Tib Taran Umpire was very strong. And when this war happens, Ladakh loses a lot of area to the Tib Taran umpire, then Ladakh asks for help from the Mughal umpire who was ruling over India at that time, and then this war stops and when When this war stopped, in the year 1684, a treaty was signed between Tibet and Ladakh, whose name was Treaty of Ting Mos Gang.
Now in the treaty that was signed, many things were written in it, but the main point in it was this. That a border was decided between Tibet and Ladakh, this was the first time that a border was decided on paper within this region so that there would be no further fighting. These are the points of the treaty that was signed and this is its copy. Whenever you read about India China, you will definitely get to read about this treaty because this border started from here and people still quote this treaty. Now see, till now I have given you many timelines in this topic. And I have told you about important events, but you will remember very few of these things, which is very normal, this happens with me too, so earlier I used to use sticky notes for important information, but I have solved this problem.
When this treaty was made, at that particular time, this area of Ladakh was so much that was left, now on this side all these things were going on in Tibet and Ladakh but China was next to it. There was also a Ching umpire, so what happens now is that in the year 1720, the Ching umpire of China, instead of doing a direct attack, sent his military inside the Tibetan umpire and the ruler of the Tibetan umpire, Djurriyatina [music] felt that Tibet had lost its power. All the protection etc. had now become the responsibility of China’s Ching umpire, so what it means to say is that after this incident, the Tibetan umpire had partially come under China’s Ching umpire. So see, this thing had happened here, whereas if we talk about Ladakh, there was a Sikh umpire next to Ladakh, so in the year 1819, the Sikh umpire attacked the Dogra umpire, that is, in today’s Jammu and Kashmir, and killed him. Taken under, taken under, meant that Maharaja Gulab Singh, who was the ruler of the Dogra umpire, was ruling the Dogra umpire, but now the Dogra umpire had come under the Sikh umpire, now that this thing happened.
So after this, the Dogra and Sikh umpire also attacked Ladakh and took it under their control. What I mean to say is that the Tibetan umpire was divided into two parts. The western part of the Tibetan umpire became Ladakh. The Sikh went to the Dogra umpire and the remaining Tib umpire was being indirectly ruled by China. Now what happens after this that in the year 1842, the Dogra and Sikh umpire who had already taken Ladakh under their control He started expanding the area of Ladakh to control the trade route beyond Ladakh and as I told earlier, China was
indirectly controlling Tibet, so this war was going on. In a way, China also had a role in this, so after some time, when too much damage is done, the war continues for a long time, then this war stops and then Treaty of Chushul was signed between Tibet and Dogra Sikh umpire on 177th of September 1842. And in this treaty that is signed, China also becomes a party, so the signatories of this treaty were Maharaja Gulab Singh Emperor of China and Lama Guru of Lassa from Tibet side, so there are many things in this treaty. There is talk of trade, who will come where and where, but the main point due to which we are discussing this treaty was that under this treaty, the borders of Ladakh and Tibet would be demarcated. They have border closure in which it was decided that Ladakh was where it was earlier, which was its border earlier, when the old treaty was signed, then the earlier boundary of Ladakh will be returned to the same place where Tibet was.
It will happen, a word was used in it, Old Established Frontier, Frontiers means that at that time there were no borders, the areas which were far away in between were left aside, that was called frontier between two countries, so to say This means that in the Tung Masan Treaty which was earlier signed between Ladakh and Tibet, it was decided that this border will remain the same and if both the parties i.e. Ladakh and Tibet go back to the same border, then this Treaty of Chushul What was important in this? What was important in this was that China had also become a party to it and had also signed it. So basically what it means is that official China had accepted that Aksai Chin is a part of Ladakh. Isn’t it a part of China or a part of Tibet and this is the reason that till today, when the border disputes of India and China are discussed, the name of the Treaty of Chushul comes up again and again that you yourself have signed it.
That the Aksai Chin is a part of Ladakh because of the Treaty of Chushul, India’s claim on the Aksai Chin is much stronger. This Treaty of Chushul is the translation of the Dogra Rulersongs of Ladakh. You will find it in the description of that time. There were some original stamps, they were also mentioned, Tibet was mentioned in them, this stamp is still available, it is a copy of that original stamp, now what happens after this, it was the year 1845 and the British were ruling India. At that time, there was a war going on between Russia and the British, The Great Game. In this war, the British were afraid that due to their expansion policy, Russia would lose its influence in Tibbi and this Sikh Dugra Empire. It will create a lot of trouble for the British. From here the British decide that it will be
very important to secure the Northern Boundary i.e. the Ladakh area. They will have to create their influence there otherwise Russia’s influence will increase there. Now keeping this thing in mind, what the British do is that on 11th of December 1845, they attack the Sikh umpire who was in Ladakh and after attacking, they get all the agreements etc. signed as per their wish, everything in their favour. Let’s do this, now the influence of the British had come to this entire area. Now at this time, Gulab Singh, who was there, gave ₹ lakhs to the British and bought this area of Kashmir and became the king of Kashmir. The British also gave it very easily because their interest was more towards Ladakh and inside Ladakh also they had only one concern that the army of the Russians should not enter from the Aksai Chin area.
The British had established their influence in the area, but after a few years, around 10 years, they realized that this Aksai Chin area still has many areas from where the Russian Army can enter. In case any such threat comes from the Russian side, to deal with it, the British started securing this area also. The British created the border in the year 18552 and this work was given to WH Johnson, this civil He was a servant of the Great Trigonometry Survey of India. Now he surveyed this area for a long time and after doing the survey, he proposed a border which is called Johnson Line. Today, whoever believes in India Line, believes in Johnson Line only, this is the complete map.
This is the Johnson Line of India. Now when the British had made this border, they had not asked anyone. They had made this border in the Ladakh area as per their own and all the strategic points were kept inside the border and this After doing all the things, he wrote a letter to Tibet and China and inside it was a map with boundaries drawn inside it and sent it to them. At that time, China’s response came that the territory is its ancient frontier, it was unnecessary to establish any other. The map of India that you see today is the entire Johnson Line. Now the British had made the border here on the western border, the area of Xi’an, but there were many such places on the Sikkim side as well. From where the Russians could have entered India and its borders were open far and wide and were undefined, here also the British called a convention on 177th of March 1890 to China and these This line going from Gamo Chain Mountain to Nepal was officially secured by sitting with China and China also accepted it.
So see, the border of India and China is divided into three sections, one is this Xi’an. One is the Western Border, the second is the Middle Sector and the third is the Eastern Sector which includes Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. Now if we look at these three sectors, the Western Sector is where the British had made their Johnson Line but China had made its own in it. Disagreement was shown in the middle sector, which you are seeing, there were a lot of mountains here, hence the natural boundary was formed here, so there was not much problem here and if we talk about the eastern sector, here the area of Sikkim was there, so they fixed the border of it. The British had done this in collaboration with China and I will tell you about the rest of the area of Arunachal Pradesh later.
Look, the British had built the Johnson Line on the Aksai Chain. China was not at all happy about this because strategically, as many There were also points, all of them were inside British India but the British did not want to anger China in any way at that time because China was weak at that time but China also threatened in an unset communication that If it merges with Russia, the British did not even want to do that, if China merges with the Russians, then to deal with this thing, the British made another strategy, which was the western border, which was Aksai Chan. All the points which were strategic in it were kept with them and the rest of the area of Aksai Chin was given to China, so what it means to say is that by revising the Johnson Line, another line will be cut in the McDole Line. If we propose, this was the Johnson Line and this green line, from here to here, this was the McCartney McDole Line, this was the McCartney McDole Line, a lot of area in Aksai Chan was proposed and given to China and today The LAC in India is also around the McCarthy McDole Line. I am saying this because it is a little further than this and I will tell you why it is further. So, when the British proposed this McCarthy McDole Line, it was Even then China did not give any response and in all the years before 1908 or whenever the official map of British India came, the Matty McDole Line was used at many places but after that it was not done.
